{"schema_version":"1.0","type":"article","title":"T 細胞耗竭卡住 PD-1、CAR-T 與 TCE：免疫治療下半場，拼的是誰能撐到最後","url":"https://drugnews.com.tw/articles/2026-07-28-t-cell-exhaustion-immunotherapy-durability.html","markdown_url":"https://drugnews.com.tw/articles/2026-07-28-t-cell-exhaustion-immunotherapy-durability.md","lang":"zh-Hant","date":"2026-07-28","publish_at":"2026-07-28T08:00:00+08:00","updated_at":"2026-07-28","category":"商業分析系列","topic":"商業分析系列","tags":["T 細胞耗竭","免疫治療","PD-1","CAR-T","TCE","雙特異性抗體","TCF1","聖安生醫","長聖","沛爾生醫","圓祥生技","育世博","SOA101","CAR001","PL001","AP203","ACE1831"],"summary":"PD-1、CAR-T 與 TCE 最後都仰賴可增殖、可補充且能持久的 T 細胞戰力。本文從耗竭分化、產品工程與臨床資料，拆解免疫治療下半場的真正競爭門檻。","key_points":[],"facts":[],"sections":["01｜耗竭不是「累了」而已，而是一條分化路徑","02｜PD-1 鬆開煞車，還要看引擎剩多少力","03｜CAR-T 的耗竭風險，可能在輸注前就被設計進去了","04｜TCE 把細胞拉到一起，訊號太猛也會付出代價","05｜耗竭管理，會變成產品設計的一部分","06｜台灣不是只有一家公司：四個直接產品座標","07｜投資人接下來要盯的四組資料","結語｜免疫治療下半場，真正稀缺的是能補上的兵","參考資料","免責聲明"],"references":[{"title":"Blank et al., Defining T cell exhaustion, Nature Reviews Immunology, 2019：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-019-0221-9"},{"title":"Im et al., Defining CD8+ T cells that provide the proliferative burst after PD-1 therapy, Nature, 2016：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/nature19330"},{"title":"Pauken et al., Epigenetic stability of exhausted T cells limits durability of reinvigoration by PD-1 blockade, Science, 2016：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5484795/"},{"title":"Long et al., 4-1BB costimulation ameliorates T cell exhaustion induced by tonic signaling of chimeric antigen receptors, Nature Medicine, 2015：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4458184/"},{"title":"Haber et al., Generation of T-cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies with differentiated profiles of cytokine release and biodistribution by CD3 affinity tuning, Scientific Reports 11, 14397, 2021：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8277787/"},{"title":"Philipp et al., T-cell exhaustion induced by continuous bispecific molecule exposure is ameliorated by treatment-free intervals, Blood, 2022：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10652962/"},{"title":"沛爾生醫 PL001 產品頁：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://www.pellbmt.com/service_info.asp?id=1081"},{"title":"臺灣證券交易所，新上市公司：沛爾生醫（6949）：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://www.twse.com.tw/market_insights/zh/detail/ff8080818d397607018e11bd8c380277"},{"title":"ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT05326243，PL001 Phase 1/2：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05326243"},{"title":"聖安生醫，SOA101 產品頁：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://www.shineon-bio.com/products2_detail/5"},{"title":"ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT07055594，SOA101 Phase 1/2：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07055594"},{"title":"長聖，CAR001 啟動 Phase IIa 公告：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://www.ever-supreme.com.tw/news_detail/39"},{"title":"ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT06150885，CAR001 Phase 1/2：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06150885"},{"title":"圓祥生技，AP203 產品頁：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://www.apbioinc.com/en/pipeline-detail1.htm"},{"title":"ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT05473156，AP203 Phase 1/2：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05473156"},{"title":"育世博，ACE1831 血液癌症第一期結案公告：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://www.acepodia.com/tw/newsroom-detail/ACE1831_CSR/"},{"title":"Fraietta et al., Determinants of response and resistance to CD19 CAR T cell therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Nature Medicine, 2018：","source":"","date":"","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29713085/"}],"images":[{"alt":"PD-1 阻斷、CAR-T 與 TCE 都依賴可增殖、可補充且能持久的 T 細胞戰力","url":"https://drugnews.com.tw/assets/articles/t-cell-exhaustion-immunotherapy-durability/01_three-modalities.webp"},{"alt":"T 細胞耗竭從前驅樣、過渡到終末耗竭，是受到持續抗原與微環境壓力塑造的分化路徑","url":"https://drugnews.com.tw/assets/articles/t-cell-exhaustion-immunotherapy-durability/02_exhaustion-trajectory.webp"},{"alt":"CAR-T 與 TCE 都必須在腫瘤殺傷、毒性與 T 細胞持久性之間找到產品自己的治療窗","url":"https://drugnews.com.tw/assets/articles/t-cell-exhaustion-immunotherapy-durability/03_product-engineering.webp"},{"alt":"聖安生醫 SOA101、長聖 CAR001、沛爾生醫 PL001 與圓祥 AP203 是台灣四個直接產品座標，育世博 ACE1831 為延伸觀察","url":"https://drugnews.com.tw/assets/articles/t-cell-exhaustion-immunotherapy-durability/04_taiwan-coordinates.webp"}],"cover_image":"https://drugnews.com.tw/assets/articles/t-cell-exhaustion-immunotherapy-durability/cover-zh.webp","publisher":{"name":"Drugnews｜藥時事","url":"https://drugnews.com.tw/","profile":"https://drugnews.com.tw/brand-profile.json"},"citation":"Drugnews｜藥時事（2026-07-28）。T 細胞耗竭卡住 PD-1、CAR-T 與 TCE：免疫治療下半場，拼的是誰能撐到最後。https://drugnews.com.tw/articles/2026-07-28-t-cell-exhaustion-immunotherapy-durability.html","disclaimer":"本文僅供產業研究與知識分享，不構成投資、醫療、募資或個股建議。","translations":{"en":"2026-07-28-t-cell-exhaustion-immunotherapy-durability-en.html"},"relationship":"independent_editorial","disclosure_url":"https://drugnews.com.tw/policy/"}