{
  "as_of": "2026-11-03",
  "track": "bispecific-io",
  "source_url": "https://drugnews.com.tw/en/asia-bispecific-io-leaders.html",
  "headers": [
    "rank",
    "asset",
    "inn",
    "originator",
    "country",
    "target",
    "mechanism",
    "highest_stage",
    "indications",
    "trial_ids",
    "overseas_rights_holder",
    "deal_date",
    "upfront",
    "total_value",
    "latest_event",
    "latest_event_date",
    "source_urls",
    "source_date"
  ],
  "rows": [
    [
      "1",
      "Amulirafusp alfa (IMM0306)",
      "amulirafusp alfa",
      "ImmuneOnco Biopharmaceuticals (Shanghai) Inc.",
      "China",
      "CD47; CD20",
      "Anti-CD20 antibody fused to a CD47-binding SIRPα domain (mAb-Trap)",
      "Phase 3 — China (2026-03)",
      "Relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma (lenalidomide combination)",
      "NCT07355283 | NCT05805943",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "Company reports first patient dosed in the follicular lymphoma Phase 3 trial",
      "2026-03-30",
      "https://immuneonco.com/news/gsdynamics/607.html | https://cn.immuneonco.com/upload/file/20260326/48161deda36148dcba37623a402d1d21.pdf | https://cn.immuneonco.com/file/1fdd90bdcdcd05ebab73540426814ae4.pdf | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07355283 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05805943",
      "2026-03-30"
    ],
    [
      "2",
      "QLF31907",
      "—",
      "Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.",
      "China",
      "PD-L1; 4-1BB (CD137)",
      "PD-L1 blockade with conditional 4-1BB costimulation",
      "Phase 2 — China (2023-04; registry status unknown)",
      "Advanced melanoma; urothelial carcinoma",
      "NCT05823246 | NCT05150405 | NCT06394713",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "Phase 2 melanoma results published in an ASCO 2026 abstract",
      "2026-06-01",
      "https://www.qilu-pharma.com/news_details/6781910.html | https://www.qlsfbio.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/QL301_QLF31907_2024_ASCO.pdf | https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JCO.2026.44.16_suppl.2527 | https://www.qilu-pharma.com/ | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05823246 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05150405 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06394713",
      "2026-06-01"
    ],
    [
      "3",
      "IMM2902",
      "—",
      "ImmuneOnco Biopharmaceuticals (Shanghai) Inc.",
      "China",
      "HER2; CD47",
      "HER2 antibody fused to a CD47-binding SIRPα domain (mAb-Trap)",
      "Phase 1/2 — China (2022-02; registry status unknown)",
      "HER2-expressing advanced solid tumors",
      "NCT05805956 | NCT05076591",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "US Phase 1 registry updated with SUSPENDED status",
      "2024-10-30",
      "https://cn.immuneonco.com/upload/file/20260326/48161deda36148dcba37623a402d1d21.pdf | https://cn.immuneonco.com/file/1fdd90bdcdcd05ebab73540426814ae4.pdf | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05805956 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05076591",
      "2024-10-30"
    ],
    [
      "4",
      "HB0036",
      "—",
      "Shanghai Huaota Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Huahai group)",
      "China",
      "PD-L1; TIGIT",
      "Dual immune-checkpoint blockade by a PD-L1/TIGIT bispecific antibody",
      "Phase 1/2 — China / US (2022-08)",
      "Advanced solid tumors",
      "NCT05417321",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "Phase 1/2 registry updated; recruiting",
      "2025-01-03",
      "https://www.huabobio.com/en/newsshow/139.html | https://www.huabobio.com/en/about.html | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05417321",
      "2025-01-03"
    ],
    [
      "5",
      "Q-1802",
      "—",
      "QureBio Ltd.",
      "China",
      "CLDN18.2; PD-L1",
      "CLDN18.2 tumor targeting with PD-L1 checkpoint blockade",
      "Phase 1/2 — China (2023-06; registry status unknown)",
      "Advanced gastrointestinal tumors; gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer",
      "NCT05964543 | NCT04856150",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "Company reports Phase 1b/2 combination data submitted for ASCO 2026",
      "2026-01-28",
      "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ind-approval-of-q-1802-from-qurebio-by-fda-301236902.html | https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/qurebio-ltd-to-present-at-asco-2026-its-q-1802-phase-ii-clinical-results-302673372.html | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05964543 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04856150",
      "2026-01-28"
    ],
    [
      "6",
      "PM1009",
      "—",
      "Biotheus Inc. (BioNTech subsidiary)",
      "China",
      "TIGIT; PVRIG",
      "Dual immune-checkpoint blockade by a TIGIT/PVRIG bispecific antibody",
      "Phase 1/2 — China (registered 2024-09; not yet recruiting)",
      "First-line hepatocellular carcinoma (PM8002 combination); advanced solid tumors",
      "NCT06584071 | NCT05607563",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "BioNTech announces completion of Biotheus acquisition and rights to its pipeline",
      "2025-02-03",
      "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1776985/000177698524000096/a99_1innovationday2024de.htm | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1776985/000177698525000004/a99_1250131xbntxpressstate.htm | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1776985/000177698524000027/exhibit453biotheusagreemen.htm | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06584071 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05607563",
      "2025-02-03"
    ],
    [
      "7",
      "BAT7104",
      "—",
      "Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd.",
      "China",
      "PD-L1; CD47",
      "PD-L1 and CD47/SIRPα checkpoint blockade by a bispecific antibody",
      "Phase 1 — China / Australia (2022-01; trials completed)",
      "Advanced solid tumors; advanced malignant tumors",
      "NCT05767060 | NCT05200013",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "China Phase 1 registry updated; completed",
      "2025-12-02",
      "https://www.bio-thera.com/col_62/731.html | https://www.bio-thera.com/ | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05767060 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05200013",
      "2025-12-02"
    ],
    [
      "8",
      "BH3120",
      "—",
      "Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. / Beijing Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.",
      "South Korea",
      "PD-L1; 4-1BB (CD137)",
      "PD-L1 blockade with 4-1BB costimulation (Pentambody)",
      "Phase 1 — South Korea / US (2023-12)",
      "Advanced or metastatic solid tumors; monotherapy or pembrolizumab combination",
      "NCT06234397",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "Phase 1 registry updated; recruiting",
      "2026-09-25",
      "https://www.hanmi.co.kr/science/pipeline/focused/bh3120.hm | https://www.hanmi.co.kr/about/news-media/press/detail-222.hm | https://sustainability.hanmiscience.co.kr/2025/en/ourcompany/companyintroduction | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06234397",
      "2026-09-25"
    ]
  ],
  "row_sources": [
    [
      {
        "url": "https://immuneonco.com/news/gsdynamics/607.html",
        "source_date": "2026-03-30"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://cn.immuneonco.com/upload/file/20260326/48161deda36148dcba37623a402d1d21.pdf",
        "source_date": "2026-03-30"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://cn.immuneonco.com/file/1fdd90bdcdcd05ebab73540426814ae4.pdf",
        "source_date": "2026-03-30"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07355283",
        "source_date": "2026-03-30"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05805943",
        "source_date": "2026-03-30"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://www.qilu-pharma.com/news_details/6781910.html",
        "source_date": "2026-06-01"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.qlsfbio.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/QL301_QLF31907_2024_ASCO.pdf",
        "source_date": "2026-06-01"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JCO.2026.44.16_suppl.2527",
        "source_date": "2026-06-01"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.qilu-pharma.com/",
        "source_date": "2026-06-01"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05823246",
        "source_date": "2026-06-01"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05150405",
        "source_date": "2026-06-01"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06394713",
        "source_date": "2026-06-01"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://cn.immuneonco.com/upload/file/20260326/48161deda36148dcba37623a402d1d21.pdf",
        "source_date": "2024-10-30"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://cn.immuneonco.com/file/1fdd90bdcdcd05ebab73540426814ae4.pdf",
        "source_date": "2024-10-30"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05805956",
        "source_date": "2024-10-30"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05076591",
        "source_date": "2024-10-30"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://www.huabobio.com/en/newsshow/139.html",
        "source_date": "2025-01-03"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.huabobio.com/en/about.html",
        "source_date": "2025-01-03"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05417321",
        "source_date": "2025-01-03"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ind-approval-of-q-1802-from-qurebio-by-fda-301236902.html",
        "source_date": "2026-01-28"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/qurebio-ltd-to-present-at-asco-2026-its-q-1802-phase-ii-clinical-results-302673372.html",
        "source_date": "2026-01-28"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05964543",
        "source_date": "2026-01-28"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04856150",
        "source_date": "2026-01-28"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1776985/000177698524000096/a99_1innovationday2024de.htm",
        "source_date": "2025-02-03"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1776985/000177698525000004/a99_1250131xbntxpressstate.htm",
        "source_date": "2025-02-03"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1776985/000177698524000027/exhibit453biotheusagreemen.htm",
        "source_date": "2025-02-03"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06584071",
        "source_date": "2025-02-03"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05607563",
        "source_date": "2025-02-03"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://www.bio-thera.com/col_62/731.html",
        "source_date": "2025-12-02"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.bio-thera.com/",
        "source_date": "2025-12-02"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05767060",
        "source_date": "2025-12-02"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05200013",
        "source_date": "2025-12-02"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://www.hanmi.co.kr/science/pipeline/focused/bh3120.hm",
        "source_date": "2026-09-25"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.hanmi.co.kr/about/news-media/press/detail-222.hm",
        "source_date": "2026-09-25"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://sustainability.hanmiscience.co.kr/2025/en/ourcompany/companyintroduction",
        "source_date": "2026-09-25"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06234397",
        "source_date": "2026-09-25"
      }
    ]
  ],
  "records": [
    {
      "rank": "1",
      "asset": "Amulirafusp alfa (IMM0306)",
      "inn": "amulirafusp alfa",
      "originator": "ImmuneOnco Biopharmaceuticals (Shanghai) Inc.",
      "country": "China",
      "target": "CD47; CD20",
      "mechanism": "Anti-CD20 antibody fused to a CD47-binding SIRPα domain (mAb-Trap)",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 3 — China (2026-03)",
      "indications": "Relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma (lenalidomide combination)",
      "trial_ids": "NCT07355283 | NCT05805943",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "Company reports first patient dosed in the follicular lymphoma Phase 3 trial",
      "latest_event_date": "2026-03-30",
      "source_urls": "https://immuneonco.com/news/gsdynamics/607.html | https://cn.immuneonco.com/upload/file/20260326/48161deda36148dcba37623a402d1d21.pdf | https://cn.immuneonco.com/file/1fdd90bdcdcd05ebab73540426814ae4.pdf | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07355283 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05805943",
      "source_date": "2026-03-30"
    },
    {
      "rank": "2",
      "asset": "QLF31907",
      "inn": "—",
      "originator": "Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.",
      "country": "China",
      "target": "PD-L1; 4-1BB (CD137)",
      "mechanism": "PD-L1 blockade with conditional 4-1BB costimulation",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 2 — China (2023-04; registry status unknown)",
      "indications": "Advanced melanoma; urothelial carcinoma",
      "trial_ids": "NCT05823246 | NCT05150405 | NCT06394713",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "Phase 2 melanoma results published in an ASCO 2026 abstract",
      "latest_event_date": "2026-06-01",
      "source_urls": "https://www.qilu-pharma.com/news_details/6781910.html | https://www.qlsfbio.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/QL301_QLF31907_2024_ASCO.pdf | https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JCO.2026.44.16_suppl.2527 | https://www.qilu-pharma.com/ | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05823246 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05150405 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06394713",
      "source_date": "2026-06-01"
    },
    {
      "rank": "3",
      "asset": "IMM2902",
      "inn": "—",
      "originator": "ImmuneOnco Biopharmaceuticals (Shanghai) Inc.",
      "country": "China",
      "target": "HER2; CD47",
      "mechanism": "HER2 antibody fused to a CD47-binding SIRPα domain (mAb-Trap)",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 1/2 — China (2022-02; registry status unknown)",
      "indications": "HER2-expressing advanced solid tumors",
      "trial_ids": "NCT05805956 | NCT05076591",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "US Phase 1 registry updated with SUSPENDED status",
      "latest_event_date": "2024-10-30",
      "source_urls": "https://cn.immuneonco.com/upload/file/20260326/48161deda36148dcba37623a402d1d21.pdf | https://cn.immuneonco.com/file/1fdd90bdcdcd05ebab73540426814ae4.pdf | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05805956 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05076591",
      "source_date": "2024-10-30"
    },
    {
      "rank": "4",
      "asset": "HB0036",
      "inn": "—",
      "originator": "Shanghai Huaota Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Huahai group)",
      "country": "China",
      "target": "PD-L1; TIGIT",
      "mechanism": "Dual immune-checkpoint blockade by a PD-L1/TIGIT bispecific antibody",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 1/2 — China / US (2022-08)",
      "indications": "Advanced solid tumors",
      "trial_ids": "NCT05417321",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "Phase 1/2 registry updated; recruiting",
      "latest_event_date": "2025-01-03",
      "source_urls": "https://www.huabobio.com/en/newsshow/139.html | https://www.huabobio.com/en/about.html | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05417321",
      "source_date": "2025-01-03"
    },
    {
      "rank": "5",
      "asset": "Q-1802",
      "inn": "—",
      "originator": "QureBio Ltd.",
      "country": "China",
      "target": "CLDN18.2; PD-L1",
      "mechanism": "CLDN18.2 tumor targeting with PD-L1 checkpoint blockade",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 1/2 — China (2023-06; registry status unknown)",
      "indications": "Advanced gastrointestinal tumors; gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer",
      "trial_ids": "NCT05964543 | NCT04856150",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "Company reports Phase 1b/2 combination data submitted for ASCO 2026",
      "latest_event_date": "2026-01-28",
      "source_urls": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ind-approval-of-q-1802-from-qurebio-by-fda-301236902.html | https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/qurebio-ltd-to-present-at-asco-2026-its-q-1802-phase-ii-clinical-results-302673372.html | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05964543 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04856150",
      "source_date": "2026-01-28"
    },
    {
      "rank": "6",
      "asset": "PM1009",
      "inn": "—",
      "originator": "Biotheus Inc. (BioNTech subsidiary)",
      "country": "China",
      "target": "TIGIT; PVRIG",
      "mechanism": "Dual immune-checkpoint blockade by a TIGIT/PVRIG bispecific antibody",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 1/2 — China (registered 2024-09; not yet recruiting)",
      "indications": "First-line hepatocellular carcinoma (PM8002 combination); advanced solid tumors",
      "trial_ids": "NCT06584071 | NCT05607563",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "BioNTech announces completion of Biotheus acquisition and rights to its pipeline",
      "latest_event_date": "2025-02-03",
      "source_urls": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1776985/000177698524000096/a99_1innovationday2024de.htm | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1776985/000177698525000004/a99_1250131xbntxpressstate.htm | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1776985/000177698524000027/exhibit453biotheusagreemen.htm | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06584071 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05607563",
      "source_date": "2025-02-03"
    },
    {
      "rank": "7",
      "asset": "BAT7104",
      "inn": "—",
      "originator": "Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd.",
      "country": "China",
      "target": "PD-L1; CD47",
      "mechanism": "PD-L1 and CD47/SIRPα checkpoint blockade by a bispecific antibody",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 1 — China / Australia (2022-01; trials completed)",
      "indications": "Advanced solid tumors; advanced malignant tumors",
      "trial_ids": "NCT05767060 | NCT05200013",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "China Phase 1 registry updated; completed",
      "latest_event_date": "2025-12-02",
      "source_urls": "https://www.bio-thera.com/col_62/731.html | https://www.bio-thera.com/ | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05767060 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05200013",
      "source_date": "2025-12-02"
    },
    {
      "rank": "8",
      "asset": "BH3120",
      "inn": "—",
      "originator": "Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. / Beijing Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.",
      "country": "South Korea",
      "target": "PD-L1; 4-1BB (CD137)",
      "mechanism": "PD-L1 blockade with 4-1BB costimulation (Pentambody)",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 1 — South Korea / US (2023-12)",
      "indications": "Advanced or metastatic solid tumors; monotherapy or pembrolizumab combination",
      "trial_ids": "NCT06234397",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "Phase 1 registry updated; recruiting",
      "latest_event_date": "2026-09-25",
      "source_urls": "https://www.hanmi.co.kr/science/pipeline/focused/bh3120.hm | https://www.hanmi.co.kr/about/news-media/press/detail-222.hm | https://sustainability.hanmiscience.co.kr/2025/en/ourcompany/companyintroduction | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06234397",
      "source_date": "2026-09-25"
    }
  ]
}