{
  "as_of": "2026-11-03",
  "track": "ophthalmology",
  "source_url": "https://drugnews.com.tw/en/asia-ophthalmology-leaders.html",
  "headers": [
    "rank",
    "asset",
    "inn",
    "originator",
    "country",
    "target",
    "mechanism",
    "highest_stage",
    "indications",
    "trial_ids",
    "overseas_rights_holder",
    "deal_date",
    "upfront",
    "total_value",
    "latest_event",
    "latest_event_date",
    "source_urls",
    "source_date"
  ],
  "rows": [
    [
      "1",
      "Rebamipide ophthalmic (OPC-12759; Mucosta)",
      "rebamipide",
      "Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.",
      "Japan",
      "Ocular-surface mucin production (functional pathway; direct receptor Not disclosed)",
      "Mucin-production promoting ophthalmic suspension",
      "Approved — Japan (2011-09)",
      "Dry eye disease",
      "NCT01660256",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "Confirmatory ophthalmic-solution study registry updated; completed",
      "2021-05-05",
      "https://www.otsuka.co.jp/en/company/newsreleases/2011/20110506_1.html | https://www.otsuka.co.jp/company/newsreleases/2011/20110926_01.html | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01660256",
      "2021-05-05"
    ],
    [
      "2",
      "Conbercept (KH902; Lumitin / Langmu)",
      "conbercept",
      "Chengdu Kanghong Biotech Co., Ltd. (Kanghong Pharmaceutical Group)",
      "China",
      "VEGF-A; VEGF-B; PlGF",
      "VEGF-receptor / Fc fusion-protein ligand trap",
      "Approved — China (2013-11)",
      "Neovascular AMD; myopic CNV; diabetic macular edema; retinal vein occlusion-associated macular edema",
      "NCT03223714",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "2026 interim report confirms marketed conbercept and Phase 3 development of high-dose KH902-R10",
      "2026-08-26",
      "https://en.cnkh.com/ophthalmology.html | https://en.cnkh.com/products_information/01-Ophthalmology/Lumitin%C2%AE%28Conbercept_Ophthalmic_Solution%29.pdf | https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2020-10-26/1208611408.PDF | https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-08-26/1225502871.PDF | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03223714",
      "2026-08-26"
    ],
    [
      "3",
      "Ripasudil (K-115; Glanatec)",
      "ripasudil",
      "D. Western Therapeutics Institute, Inc.",
      "Japan",
      "Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK)",
      "ROCK inhibitor that promotes trabecular outflow",
      "Approved — Japan (2014-09)",
      "Glaucoma and ocular hypertension; Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (K-321, investigational)",
      "NCT06048380",
      "Kowa (worldwide rights including Japan)",
      "2002-09",
      "Not disclosed",
      "Not disclosed",
      "Company pipeline lists worldwide ripasudil licence and investigational FECD development",
      "Not disclosed",
      "https://dwti.co.jp/english/product-pipeline/glanatec/ | https://dwti.co.jp/english/about-dwti/corporate-profile/ | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06048380",
      "Not disclosed"
    ],
    [
      "4",
      "Omidenepag isopropyl (DE-117; Eybelis / Omlonti)",
      "omidenepag isopropyl",
      "UBE Corporation (formerly Ube Industries, Ltd.)",
      "Japan",
      "Prostaglandin EP2 receptor",
      "Selective EP2 receptor agonist; promotes aqueous humor outflow",
      "Approved — US (2022-09)",
      "Primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension",
      "NCT05279716",
      "Santen (worldwide development, manufacturing and commercialization rights)",
      "2011-10-14",
      "Not disclosed",
      "Not disclosed",
      "Santen and UBE announced FDA approval dated 2022-09-22",
      "2022-09-26",
      "https://www.ube.com/ube/news/2022/omlonti-0002fda.html | https://www.santen.com/content/dam/santen/global/pdf/en/news/20111014.pdf | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05279716",
      "2022-09-26"
    ],
    [
      "5",
      "Sepetaprost (ONO-9054 / DE-126 / STN1012600; Setaneo)",
      "sepetaprost",
      "Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.",
      "Japan",
      "Prostaglandin FP and EP3 receptors",
      "Dual FP / EP3 receptor agonist prodrug",
      "Approved — Japan (2025-08)",
      "Glaucoma and ocular hypertension",
      "jRCT2031220267",
      "Santen (exclusive worldwide rights)",
      "2016-03-30",
      "Not disclosed",
      "Not disclosed",
      "Setaneo launched in Japan after August approval",
      "2025-10-23",
      "https://www.santen.com/en/news/2025/2025_1/20250825 | https://www.santen.com/en/news/2025/2025_1/20251023 | https://www.ono-pharma.com/sites/default/files/en/news/press/sm_cn160330.pdf | https://jrct.mhlw.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCT2031220267",
      "2025-10-23"
    ],
    [
      "6",
      "Tanfanercept (HL036)",
      "tanfanercept",
      "HanAll Biopharma Co., Ltd. (with Daewoong Pharmaceutical)",
      "South Korea",
      "Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)",
      "Engineered soluble TNFR1 fragment that binds TNF",
      "Phase 3 — US (2019-03); VELOS-4 registry suspended (updated 2024-05), company reports ongoing (2026-01)",
      "Dry eye disease (investigational)",
      "NCT03846453 | NCT06400589",
      "Harbour BioMed (Greater China; portfolio licence includes HL161 and HL036)",
      "2017-09-12",
      "Not disclosed (asset-specific)",
      "Up to USD 81m (HL161 + HL036 portfolio; not allocated)",
      "Company reported VELOS-4 ongoing; registry retains older suspended status due to logistical issue",
      "2026-01-21",
      "https://hanall.com/m41.php | https://hanall.com/board_view.php?bo_table=press&idx=103 | https://hanall.com/contacts.php | https://www.hanall.com/board_view.php?bo_table=press&idx=23 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03846453 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06400589",
      "2026-01-21"
    ],
    [
      "7",
      "H-1337",
      "Not disclosed",
      "D. Western Therapeutics Institute, Inc.",
      "Japan",
      "Multiple protein kinases (specific target list Not disclosed)",
      "Small-molecule multi-kinase inhibitor ophthalmic solution",
      "Phase 2 — US (2023-08; Phase 2b completed)",
      "Glaucoma and ocular hypertension (investigational)",
      "NCT05913232",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "Company pipeline confirms completed US Phase 2b and preparation for Phase 3",
      "Not disclosed",
      "https://dwti.co.jp/english/product-pipeline/h-1337/ | https://dwti.co.jp/english/about-dwti/corporate-profile/ | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05913232",
      "Not disclosed"
    ],
    [
      "8",
      "KH631",
      "Not disclosed",
      "Chengdu Origen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Kanghong)",
      "China",
      "VEGF pathway (anti-angiogenic gene therapy)",
      "AAV-delivered anti-angiogenic gene therapy",
      "Phase 2 — China (confirmed 2026-08); Phase 1 — US",
      "Neovascular AMD (clinical); diabetic macular edema (China clinical trial permission, not a phase claim)",
      "NCT05672121 | NCT05657301",
      "None reported",
      "—",
      "—",
      "—",
      "2026 interim report lists China Phase 2 and US Phase 1 for nAMD",
      "2026-08-26",
      "https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-08-26/1225502871.PDF | https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-05-11/1225292828.PDF | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05672121 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05657301",
      "2026-08-26"
    ]
  ],
  "row_sources": [
    [
      {
        "url": "https://www.otsuka.co.jp/en/company/newsreleases/2011/20110506_1.html",
        "source_date": "2021-05-05"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.otsuka.co.jp/company/newsreleases/2011/20110926_01.html",
        "source_date": "2021-05-05"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01660256",
        "source_date": "2021-05-05"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://en.cnkh.com/ophthalmology.html",
        "source_date": "2026-08-26"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://en.cnkh.com/products_information/01-Ophthalmology/Lumitin%C2%AE%28Conbercept_Ophthalmic_Solution%29.pdf",
        "source_date": "2026-08-26"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2020-10-26/1208611408.PDF",
        "source_date": "2026-08-26"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-08-26/1225502871.PDF",
        "source_date": "2026-08-26"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03223714",
        "source_date": "2026-08-26"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://dwti.co.jp/english/product-pipeline/glanatec/",
        "source_date": "Not disclosed"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://dwti.co.jp/english/about-dwti/corporate-profile/",
        "source_date": "Not disclosed"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06048380",
        "source_date": "Not disclosed"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://www.ube.com/ube/news/2022/omlonti-0002fda.html",
        "source_date": "2022-09-26"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.santen.com/content/dam/santen/global/pdf/en/news/20111014.pdf",
        "source_date": "2022-09-26"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05279716",
        "source_date": "2022-09-26"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://www.santen.com/en/news/2025/2025_1/20250825",
        "source_date": "2025-10-23"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.santen.com/en/news/2025/2025_1/20251023",
        "source_date": "2025-10-23"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.ono-pharma.com/sites/default/files/en/news/press/sm_cn160330.pdf",
        "source_date": "2025-10-23"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://jrct.mhlw.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCT2031220267",
        "source_date": "2025-10-23"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://hanall.com/m41.php",
        "source_date": "2026-01-21"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://hanall.com/board_view.php?bo_table=press&idx=103",
        "source_date": "2026-01-21"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://hanall.com/contacts.php",
        "source_date": "2026-01-21"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.hanall.com/board_view.php?bo_table=press&idx=23",
        "source_date": "2026-01-21"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03846453",
        "source_date": "2026-01-21"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06400589",
        "source_date": "2026-01-21"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://dwti.co.jp/english/product-pipeline/h-1337/",
        "source_date": "Not disclosed"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://dwti.co.jp/english/about-dwti/corporate-profile/",
        "source_date": "Not disclosed"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05913232",
        "source_date": "Not disclosed"
      }
    ],
    [
      {
        "url": "https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-08-26/1225502871.PDF",
        "source_date": "2026-08-26"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-05-11/1225292828.PDF",
        "source_date": "2026-08-26"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05672121",
        "source_date": "2026-08-26"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05657301",
        "source_date": "2026-08-26"
      }
    ]
  ],
  "records": [
    {
      "rank": "1",
      "asset": "Rebamipide ophthalmic (OPC-12759; Mucosta)",
      "inn": "rebamipide",
      "originator": "Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.",
      "country": "Japan",
      "target": "Ocular-surface mucin production (functional pathway; direct receptor Not disclosed)",
      "mechanism": "Mucin-production promoting ophthalmic suspension",
      "highest_stage": "Approved — Japan (2011-09)",
      "indications": "Dry eye disease",
      "trial_ids": "NCT01660256",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "Confirmatory ophthalmic-solution study registry updated; completed",
      "latest_event_date": "2021-05-05",
      "source_urls": "https://www.otsuka.co.jp/en/company/newsreleases/2011/20110506_1.html | https://www.otsuka.co.jp/company/newsreleases/2011/20110926_01.html | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01660256",
      "source_date": "2021-05-05"
    },
    {
      "rank": "2",
      "asset": "Conbercept (KH902; Lumitin / Langmu)",
      "inn": "conbercept",
      "originator": "Chengdu Kanghong Biotech Co., Ltd. (Kanghong Pharmaceutical Group)",
      "country": "China",
      "target": "VEGF-A; VEGF-B; PlGF",
      "mechanism": "VEGF-receptor / Fc fusion-protein ligand trap",
      "highest_stage": "Approved — China (2013-11)",
      "indications": "Neovascular AMD; myopic CNV; diabetic macular edema; retinal vein occlusion-associated macular edema",
      "trial_ids": "NCT03223714",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "2026 interim report confirms marketed conbercept and Phase 3 development of high-dose KH902-R10",
      "latest_event_date": "2026-08-26",
      "source_urls": "https://en.cnkh.com/ophthalmology.html | https://en.cnkh.com/products_information/01-Ophthalmology/Lumitin%C2%AE%28Conbercept_Ophthalmic_Solution%29.pdf | https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2020-10-26/1208611408.PDF | https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-08-26/1225502871.PDF | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03223714",
      "source_date": "2026-08-26"
    },
    {
      "rank": "3",
      "asset": "Ripasudil (K-115; Glanatec)",
      "inn": "ripasudil",
      "originator": "D. Western Therapeutics Institute, Inc.",
      "country": "Japan",
      "target": "Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK)",
      "mechanism": "ROCK inhibitor that promotes trabecular outflow",
      "highest_stage": "Approved — Japan (2014-09)",
      "indications": "Glaucoma and ocular hypertension; Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (K-321, investigational)",
      "trial_ids": "NCT06048380",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "Kowa (worldwide rights including Japan)",
      "deal_date": "2002-09",
      "upfront": "Not disclosed",
      "total_value": "Not disclosed",
      "latest_event": "Company pipeline lists worldwide ripasudil licence and investigational FECD development",
      "latest_event_date": "Not disclosed",
      "source_urls": "https://dwti.co.jp/english/product-pipeline/glanatec/ | https://dwti.co.jp/english/about-dwti/corporate-profile/ | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06048380",
      "source_date": "Not disclosed"
    },
    {
      "rank": "4",
      "asset": "Omidenepag isopropyl (DE-117; Eybelis / Omlonti)",
      "inn": "omidenepag isopropyl",
      "originator": "UBE Corporation (formerly Ube Industries, Ltd.)",
      "country": "Japan",
      "target": "Prostaglandin EP2 receptor",
      "mechanism": "Selective EP2 receptor agonist; promotes aqueous humor outflow",
      "highest_stage": "Approved — US (2022-09)",
      "indications": "Primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension",
      "trial_ids": "NCT05279716",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "Santen (worldwide development, manufacturing and commercialization rights)",
      "deal_date": "2011-10-14",
      "upfront": "Not disclosed",
      "total_value": "Not disclosed",
      "latest_event": "Santen and UBE announced FDA approval dated 2022-09-22",
      "latest_event_date": "2022-09-26",
      "source_urls": "https://www.ube.com/ube/news/2022/omlonti-0002fda.html | https://www.santen.com/content/dam/santen/global/pdf/en/news/20111014.pdf | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05279716",
      "source_date": "2022-09-26"
    },
    {
      "rank": "5",
      "asset": "Sepetaprost (ONO-9054 / DE-126 / STN1012600; Setaneo)",
      "inn": "sepetaprost",
      "originator": "Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.",
      "country": "Japan",
      "target": "Prostaglandin FP and EP3 receptors",
      "mechanism": "Dual FP / EP3 receptor agonist prodrug",
      "highest_stage": "Approved — Japan (2025-08)",
      "indications": "Glaucoma and ocular hypertension",
      "trial_ids": "jRCT2031220267",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "Santen (exclusive worldwide rights)",
      "deal_date": "2016-03-30",
      "upfront": "Not disclosed",
      "total_value": "Not disclosed",
      "latest_event": "Setaneo launched in Japan after August approval",
      "latest_event_date": "2025-10-23",
      "source_urls": "https://www.santen.com/en/news/2025/2025_1/20250825 | https://www.santen.com/en/news/2025/2025_1/20251023 | https://www.ono-pharma.com/sites/default/files/en/news/press/sm_cn160330.pdf | https://jrct.mhlw.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCT2031220267",
      "source_date": "2025-10-23"
    },
    {
      "rank": "6",
      "asset": "Tanfanercept (HL036)",
      "inn": "tanfanercept",
      "originator": "HanAll Biopharma Co., Ltd. (with Daewoong Pharmaceutical)",
      "country": "South Korea",
      "target": "Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)",
      "mechanism": "Engineered soluble TNFR1 fragment that binds TNF",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 3 — US (2019-03); VELOS-4 registry suspended (updated 2024-05), company reports ongoing (2026-01)",
      "indications": "Dry eye disease (investigational)",
      "trial_ids": "NCT03846453 | NCT06400589",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "Harbour BioMed (Greater China; portfolio licence includes HL161 and HL036)",
      "deal_date": "2017-09-12",
      "upfront": "Not disclosed (asset-specific)",
      "total_value": "Up to USD 81m (HL161 + HL036 portfolio; not allocated)",
      "latest_event": "Company reported VELOS-4 ongoing; registry retains older suspended status due to logistical issue",
      "latest_event_date": "2026-01-21",
      "source_urls": "https://hanall.com/m41.php | https://hanall.com/board_view.php?bo_table=press&idx=103 | https://hanall.com/contacts.php | https://www.hanall.com/board_view.php?bo_table=press&idx=23 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03846453 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06400589",
      "source_date": "2026-01-21"
    },
    {
      "rank": "7",
      "asset": "H-1337",
      "inn": "Not disclosed",
      "originator": "D. Western Therapeutics Institute, Inc.",
      "country": "Japan",
      "target": "Multiple protein kinases (specific target list Not disclosed)",
      "mechanism": "Small-molecule multi-kinase inhibitor ophthalmic solution",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 2 — US (2023-08; Phase 2b completed)",
      "indications": "Glaucoma and ocular hypertension (investigational)",
      "trial_ids": "NCT05913232",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "Company pipeline confirms completed US Phase 2b and preparation for Phase 3",
      "latest_event_date": "Not disclosed",
      "source_urls": "https://dwti.co.jp/english/product-pipeline/h-1337/ | https://dwti.co.jp/english/about-dwti/corporate-profile/ | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05913232",
      "source_date": "Not disclosed"
    },
    {
      "rank": "8",
      "asset": "KH631",
      "inn": "Not disclosed",
      "originator": "Chengdu Origen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Kanghong)",
      "country": "China",
      "target": "VEGF pathway (anti-angiogenic gene therapy)",
      "mechanism": "AAV-delivered anti-angiogenic gene therapy",
      "highest_stage": "Phase 2 — China (confirmed 2026-08); Phase 1 — US",
      "indications": "Neovascular AMD (clinical); diabetic macular edema (China clinical trial permission, not a phase claim)",
      "trial_ids": "NCT05672121 | NCT05657301",
      "overseas_rights_holder": "None reported",
      "deal_date": "—",
      "upfront": "—",
      "total_value": "—",
      "latest_event": "2026 interim report lists China Phase 2 and US Phase 1 for nAMD",
      "latest_event_date": "2026-08-26",
      "source_urls": "https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-08-26/1225502871.PDF | https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-05-11/1225292828.PDF | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05672121 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05657301",
      "source_date": "2026-08-26"
    }
  ]
}