:root {
  --ink: #0c1d24;
  --muted: #5c6b71;
  --line: #d4dfe0;
  --line-strong: #aebfc2;
  --wash: #eef5f4;
  --porcelain: #f5f9f8;
  --brand: #103e48;
  --blue: #176f7b;
  --gold: #994b27;
  --copper: #994b27;
  --green: #347867;
  --radius: 5px;
  --shadow: 0 24px 70px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.12);
}

body {
  background: #f7faf9;
}

.site-header {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.88);
  backdrop-filter: blur(18px) saturate(125%);
  transition: box-shadow 220ms ease, background 220ms ease;
}

.site-header.preview-condensed {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.97);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(16, 62, 72, 0.08);
}

.brand img {
  border: 1px solid rgba(16, 62, 72, 0.12);
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(16, 62, 72, 0.12);
}

.nav-links a {
  position: relative;
  font-weight: 720;
}

.nav-links a::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: 2px;
  bottom: 3px;
  left: 2px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--copper);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.nav-links a:hover::after,
.nav-links a:focus-visible::after,
.nav-links a[aria-current="page"]::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.preview-art-direction {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding-top: 48px;
  background: #f4f8f7;
}

.preview-science-backdrop {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.preview-science-backdrop {
  z-index: 0;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
  opacity: 0.11;
  filter: saturate(0.78) contrast(0.94);
  transform-origin: 72% 30%;
  animation: science-backdrop-breathe 16s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
}

.preview-art-direction > .container {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.preview-art-direction .masthead {
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  padding: 18px 0 0;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--brand);
}

.preview-art-direction .masthead::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: -2px;
  left: 0;
  width: 92px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--copper);
}

.preview-art-direction .masthead h1 {
  max-width: 720px;
  color: #09242c;
  font-size: clamp(2.15rem, 3.5vw, 3.15rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
}

.preview-art-direction .masthead p:not(.eyebrow) {
  color: #3f5259;
}

.preview-art-direction .audience-proof {
  color: var(--teal, #0e7377);
  border-top-color: rgba(16, 62, 72, 0.2);
}

.preview-art-direction .issue-bar {
  border: 1px solid rgba(174, 191, 194, 0.82);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.76);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 34px rgba(16, 62, 72, 0.07);
}

.preview-art-direction .issue-bar a {
  transition: color 160ms ease, background 160ms ease;
}

.preview-art-direction .issue-bar a:hover,
.preview-art-direction .issue-bar a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--blue);
  background: rgba(229, 241, 239, 0.86);
}

.preview-art-direction .lead-story {
  position: relative;
  border-color: rgba(146, 169, 174, 0.82);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  box-shadow: 0 28px 80px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.14);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  transition: transform 240ms ease, box-shadow 240ms ease, border-color 240ms ease;
}

.preview-art-direction .lead-story:hover,
.preview-art-direction .lead-story:focus-visible {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  border-color: var(--blue);
  box-shadow: 0 34px 90px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.18);
}

.preview-art-direction .featured-image {
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #eef4f3;
}

.preview-art-direction .featured-image::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: -8%;
  z-index: 3;
  width: 1px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
  box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.76);
  animation: scientific-scan 5.6s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.preview-art-direction .lead-story img {
  filter: saturate(0.9) contrast(0.98);
  transition: transform 700ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1), filter 240ms ease;
}

.preview-art-direction .lead-story:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.025);
  filter: saturate(1) contrast(1);
}

.preview-art-direction .lead-story-body {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.preview-art-direction .lead-story h2 {
  color: #0a242c;
  font-size: clamp(1.52rem, 2.2vw, 2.05rem);
  line-height: 1.22;
}

.preview-art-direction .lead-story .text-link {
  position: relative;
  width: fit-content;
  color: var(--blue);
}

.preview-art-direction .lead-story .text-link::after {
  content: " →";
  display: inline-block;
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.preview-art-direction .lead-story:hover .text-link::after {
  transform: translateX(5px);
}

.preview-art-direction .homepage-briefing {
  padding: 22px 20px 18px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(174, 191, 194, 0.86);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--brand);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.74);
  box-shadow: 0 20px 54px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.08);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
}

.preview-art-direction .briefing-link {
  transition: color 160ms ease, padding 160ms ease;
}

.preview-art-direction .briefing-link:hover,
.preview-art-direction .briefing-link:focus-visible {
  padding-left: 8px;
  color: var(--blue);
}

.preview-art-direction .editorial-note {
  margin-top: 8px;
  padding: 25px 0 8px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(16, 62, 72, 0.22);
}

.preview-art-direction .editorial-note h2 {
  color: #0b3540;
  font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.2vw, 2rem);
}

.section {
  position: relative;
  background: rgba(248, 251, 250, 0.96);
}

.section.white {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.96);
}

.section-head {
  position: relative;
  padding-top: 17px;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--brand);
}

.section-head::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: 76px;
  height: 2px;
  margin-top: -19px;
  background: var(--copper);
}

.section-head h2 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  color: #0a2931;
}

.topic-guide-main {
  border-top-color: var(--line-strong);
}

.topic-row {
  transition: padding 180ms ease, color 180ms ease, background 180ms ease;
}

.topic-row:hover,
.topic-row:focus-visible {
  padding-right: 14px;
  padding-left: 10px;
  color: var(--blue);
  background: rgba(232, 243, 241, 0.62);
}

.topic-row span {
  color: var(--copper);
  font-family: var(--display);
}

.topic-guide-aside {
  padding: 24px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--brand);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 50px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.08);
}

.topic-hub-grid {
  border-color: var(--line-strong);
}

.topic-hub-card {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
  transition: transform 210ms ease, box-shadow 210ms ease, background 210ms ease;
}

.topic-hub-card::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: 24px;
  bottom: 24px;
  width: 28px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--copper);
  transition: width 180ms ease;
}

.topic-hub-card:hover,
.topic-hub-card:focus-visible {
  z-index: 1;
  transform: translateY(-5px);
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 24px 58px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.12);
}

.topic-hub-card:hover::after { width: 52px; }

.research-orbit {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 680px;
  overflow: hidden;
  isolation: isolate;
  border: 1px solid #8da8ad;
  background: #e9f2f1;
  box-shadow: 0 38px 96px rgba(10, 48, 56, 0.18);
}

.research-orbit::before,
.research-orbit::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-orbit::before {
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(242, 248, 247, 0.8) 0%, rgba(242, 248, 247, 0.18) 38%, rgba(242, 248, 247, 0.18) 62%, rgba(242, 248, 247, 0.82) 100%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18) 0%, rgba(8, 44, 52, 0.08) 100%);
}

.research-orbit::after {
  inset: 18px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(16, 76, 84, 0.18);
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, transparent calc(50% - 0.5px), rgba(20, 100, 108, 0.13) 50%, transparent calc(50% + 0.5px)),
    linear-gradient(transparent calc(50% - 0.5px), rgba(20, 100, 108, 0.13) 50%, transparent calc(50% + 0.5px));
}

.research-orbit-image {
  position: absolute;
  inset: -3%;
  z-index: 0;
  width: 106%;
  height: 106%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
  opacity: 0.54;
  filter: saturate(0.78) contrast(0.94) brightness(1.07);
  transform: scale(1.02);
  transition: transform 900ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1), object-position 900ms ease;
}

.research-orbit[data-active-topic="clinical"] .research-orbit-image,
.research-orbit[data-active-topic="cmc"] .research-orbit-image {
  transform: scale(1.055) translateX(-1.2%);
}

.research-orbit[data-active-topic="licensing"] .research-orbit-image,
.research-orbit[data-active-topic="valuation"] .research-orbit-image {
  transform: scale(1.055) translateX(1.2%);
}

.topic-atlas-canvas {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-orbit-grid {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 3;
}

.research-orbit-core {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  width: min(360px, 32vw);
  min-height: 252px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 46px 42px 38px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(86, 128, 133, 0.76);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--copper);
  color: #102c33;
  background: rgba(250, 253, 252, 0.88);
  box-shadow: 0 28px 72px rgba(9, 47, 55, 0.2), inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.68);
  backdrop-filter: blur(22px) saturate(112%);
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  transition: border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.research-orbit-core::before,
.research-orbit-core::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-orbit-core::before {
  top: -17px;
  left: 26px;
  width: 72px;
  height: 31px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(29, 115, 123, 0.62);
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(29, 115, 123, 0.62);
}

.research-orbit-core::after {
  right: 20px;
  bottom: 20px;
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(153, 75, 39, 0.44);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(153, 75, 39, 0.44);
}

.research-orbit-core span {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  color: var(--copper);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-orbit-core strong {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  margin-top: 8px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  color: #0b333c;
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 2.6vw, 2.5rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
}

.research-orbit-core p {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  min-height: 4.7em;
  margin: 16px 0 22px;
  color: #485d62;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.research-orbit-core a {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: fit-content;
  color: #0e6871;
  font-weight: 850;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.research-orbit-core a::after {
  content: "  →";
  display: inline-block;
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.research-orbit-core a:hover::after,
.research-orbit-core a:focus-visible::after {
  transform: translateX(5px);
}

.research-orbit-nodes {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
}

.research-orbit-node {
  position: absolute;
  width: 186px;
  min-height: 88px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 34px 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto auto;
  gap: 2px 9px;
  align-content: center;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(88, 127, 132, 0.7);
  border-left: 3px solid #277b82;
  color: #102d34;
  background: rgba(252, 254, 253, 0.82);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(7, 42, 49, 0.16);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px) saturate(112%);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: opacity 180ms ease, transform 240ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1), border-color 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease, background 180ms ease;
}

.research-orbit-node span {
  grid-row: 1 / 3;
  align-self: center;
  color: var(--copper);
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.research-orbit-node strong {
  color: #0d333b;
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.research-orbit-node small {
  color: #64787d;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-orbit-node.node-investing { top: 9%; left: 5%; }
.research-orbit-node.node-clinical { top: 9%; right: 5%; }
.research-orbit-node.node-cmc { top: 42%; right: 2.5%; }
.research-orbit-node.node-licensing { right: 10%; bottom: 8%; }
.research-orbit-node.node-valuation { bottom: 8%; left: 10%; }
.research-orbit-node.node-pharma { top: 42%; left: 2.5%; }

.research-orbit-node.is-active,
.research-orbit-node:hover,
.research-orbit-node:focus-visible {
  z-index: 2;
  border-color: #176f7b;
  border-left-color: var(--copper);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.97);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 60px rgba(7, 42, 49, 0.22);
  transform: translateY(-6px) scale(1.035);
}

.research-orbit:has(.research-orbit-node.is-active) .research-orbit-node:not(.is-active) {
  opacity: 0.62;
}

.research-orbit-legend {
  position: absolute;
  right: 32px;
  bottom: 22px;
  left: 32px;
  z-index: 4;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 24px;
  color: #38545a;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 760;
}

.research-orbit-legend span {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}

.research-orbit-legend span::before {
  content: "";
  width: 18px;
  height: 1px;
  background: #277b82;
}

.profile-card {
  border-color: var(--line-strong);
  border-top-color: var(--brand);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.86);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 50px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.07);
  transition: transform 200ms ease, box-shadow 200ms ease;
}

.profile-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 26px 64px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.11);
}

.newsletter {
  border-top: 3px solid var(--copper);
  background: #102f38;
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 24px 64px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.16);
}

.newsletter h2,
.newsletter .eyebrow { color: #fff; }
.newsletter p { color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.76); }

.newsletter .button.primary {
  background: var(--copper);
  color: #fff;
}

.newsletter .button.secondary {
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.34);
  background: transparent;
  color: #fff;
}

.button {
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: transform 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease, border-color 180ms ease;
}

.button:hover,
.button:focus-visible {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-color: var(--blue);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.12);
}

.service-strip {
  background: #f7faf9;
}

.service-strip-inner {
  padding: 34px 0;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--brand);
  border-bottom-color: var(--line-strong);
}

.site-footer {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
  border-top: 0;
  background: #0c2027;
}

.footer-links a { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.88); }

@keyframes scientific-scan {
  0% { transform: translateX(0); opacity: 0; }
  8% { opacity: 0.72; }
  52% { transform: translateX(760px); opacity: 0; }
  100% { transform: translateX(760px); opacity: 0; }
}

@keyframes science-backdrop-breathe {
  from { transform: scale(1) translate3d(0, 0, 0); }
  to { transform: scale(1.025) translate3d(-0.5%, 0.2%, 0); }
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .preview-art-direction {
    padding-top: 38px;
  }

  .preview-science-backdrop {
    object-position: 64% center;
    opacity: 0.12;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .homepage-briefing {
    padding-right: 0;
    padding-left: 0;
    border-right: 0;
    border-left: 0;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.58);
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .issue-bar {
    display: flex;
    grid-template-columns: none;
    overflow-x: auto;
    scrollbar-width: none;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .issue-bar::-webkit-scrollbar {
    display: none;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .issue-bar a {
    width: auto;
    min-width: max-content;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .lead-story:hover,
  .topic-hub-card:hover,
  .profile-card:hover {
    transform: none;
  }

  .research-orbit {
    min-height: 720px;
  }

  .research-orbit-core {
    width: min(330px, 42vw);
    padding: 40px 34px 32px;
  }

  .research-orbit-node {
    width: 168px;
  }

  .research-orbit-node.node-investing { top: 6%; left: 3%; }
  .research-orbit-node.node-clinical { top: 6%; right: 3%; }
  .research-orbit-node.node-cmc { top: 39%; right: 1.5%; }
  .research-orbit-node.node-licensing { right: 6%; bottom: 8%; }
  .research-orbit-node.node-valuation { bottom: 8%; left: 6%; }
  .research-orbit-node.node-pharma { top: 39%; left: 1.5%; }
}

@media (min-width: 681px) and (max-width: 860px) {
  .preview-art-direction .lead-story {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.92fr) minmax(0, 1.08fr);
  }

  .preview-art-direction .lead-story img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 400px;
    aspect-ratio: auto;
    object-fit: cover;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .lead-story-body {
    padding: 28px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .preview-art-direction {
    padding-top: 20px;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .masthead {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    padding-top: 8px;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .masthead .eyebrow,
  .preview-art-direction .masthead > div:last-child > p:first-child {
    display: none;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .audience-proof {
    margin-top: 0;
    padding-top: 10px;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .masthead h1 {
    font-size: 2.05rem;
    line-height: 1.12;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .issue-bar {
    width: calc(100vw - 56px);
    max-width: calc(100vw - 56px);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .issue-bar a {
    width: auto;
    min-width: 0;
    flex: 1 1 20%;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0 7px;
    font-size: 0;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .issue-bar a::before {
    content: attr(data-mobile-label);
    font-size: 0.74rem;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .issue-bar a:nth-child(n + 6) {
    display: none;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .lead-story {
    box-shadow: 0 18px 48px rgba(12, 48, 56, 0.12);
  }

  .preview-art-direction .lead-story h2 {
    font-size: 1.48rem;
  }

  .preview-art-direction .editorial-note {
    margin-top: 18px;
    padding-top: 22px;
  }

  .section-head::before { width: 54px; }

  .newsletter {
    padding: 26px 22px;
  }

  .research-orbit {
    min-height: 836px;
  }

  .research-orbit::after {
    inset: 10px;
  }

  .research-orbit-image {
    height: 290px;
    opacity: 0.5;
    object-position: 55% center;
  }

  .research-orbit::before {
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(241, 248, 247, 0.14) 0%, rgba(241, 248, 247, 0.48) 245px, rgba(241, 248, 247, 0.98) 360px);
  }

  .research-orbit-grid {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 12px;
    padding: 178px 12px 50px;
  }

  .research-orbit-core {
    position: relative;
    top: auto;
    left: auto;
    width: 100%;
    min-height: 224px;
    padding: 32px 24px 27px;
    transform: none;
  }

  .research-orbit-core p {
    min-height: 0;
    margin: 12px 0 18px;
  }

  .research-orbit-nodes {
    position: relative;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 8px;
  }

  .research-orbit-node,
  .research-orbit-node.node-investing,
  .research-orbit-node.node-clinical,
  .research-orbit-node.node-cmc,
  .research-orbit-node.node-licensing,
  .research-orbit-node.node-valuation,
  .research-orbit-node.node-pharma {
    position: relative;
    top: auto;
    right: auto;
    bottom: auto;
    left: auto;
    width: 100%;
    min-height: 74px;
    padding: 12px;
  }

  .research-orbit-node.is-active,
  .research-orbit-node:hover,
  .research-orbit-node:focus-visible {
    transform: none;
  }

  .research-orbit-legend {
    right: 18px;
    bottom: 17px;
    left: 18px;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    gap: 14px;
    overflow-x: auto;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .preview-art-direction .featured-image::after { display: none; }
  *, *::before, *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }
}